NMN Anti Aging Supplement is very popular in the market now. Why this happended? Let's know more about it from 7 aspects.
1. Brief introduction of NMN
NMN is the abbreviation of nicotinamide mononucleotide. It is an inherent substance in the human body, which also exist in some furits and vegetables. In human body, it is the precursor of NAD+, and it will present its function through NAD+.
Product’s Name | Beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide |  |
Other Name | 3-carbamoyl-1-[5-O-(hydroxyphosphinato)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]pyridinium; 3-(Aminocarbonyl)-1-(5-O-phosphonato-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridinium; 3-(aminocarbonyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl) ; 3-carbamoyl-1-(5-O-phosphonopentofuranosyl)pyridinium; Coenzyme NMN;β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide; Nicotinamide mononucleotide; NMN; | |
CAS No | 1094-61-7 | |
EINECS No | 214-136-5 | |
Molecular formula | C11H15N2O8P | |
Molecular weight | 334.2192 | |
InChI： | InChI=1/C11H15N2O8P/c12-10(16)6-2-1-3-13(4-6)11-9(15)8(14)7(21-11) 5-20-22(17,18)19/h1-4,7-9,11,14-15H,5H2,(H3-,12,16,17,18,19)/t7-,8-,9-,11-/m1/s1 | |
Physical character | White loose powder; water soluble | |
2. What is NAD+?
NAD+ is also called Coenzyme Ⅰ, the whole name is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, also named as nicoside diphosphate. It exists in every cell in human body and participates thousands of activities in human body. NAD+ is an important coenzyme of tricarboxylic acid cycle. Tricarboxylic acid cycle is a very important cycle in humab body. It is the terminal metabolic pathway of the three main nutrients with human body: carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. It is also the hub for the metabolism of sugars, lipids and amino acids. The tricarboxylic acid cycle provides more than 95% of the energy in the body and is the energy hub of the living body. Therefor, NAD+ not only can promote the metabolism of sugar, fat and amino acid, but also can participate in the synthesis of energy.
3. What foods contain NMN?
The content of NMN in food | ||
Type | Name | Content (mg/100g) |
Vegtable | Edamame | 0.47–1.88 |
Vegtable | Broccoli | 0.25–1.12 |
Vegtable | Cucumber seed | 0.56 |
Vegtable | Cucumber peel | 0.65 |
Vegtable | Cabbage | 0.0–0.90 |
Fruit | Avocado | 0.36–1.60 |
Fruit | Tomato | 0.26–0.30 |
Fungus | Mushroom | 0.0–1.01 |
Meat | Beef (raw) | 0.06–0.42 |
Seafood | Shrimp | 0.22 |
According to the FDA's principle of equivalence, a 70kg adult need 600mg NMN supplement per day. That means, it is impossible if you want to supplement NMN by eating fruit and vegetable. For example, to supplement the enough amount of NMN, an adult needs to eat 32~128kg of edamame, or 54~240kg of broccoli per day. That’s why it is important to supplement non-food sources of NMN.
4. What problems we may meet if we are lack of NAD+ in our body?
Obesity
Neurodegeneration
Deterioration of vision and hearing
Type 2 diabetes
Mitochondrial Muscular Dystrophy
Acute kidney injury
Cardiac hypertrophy
Non-alcoholic fatty liver/alcoholic fatty liver
5. How to supplement NAD+?
There are three metabolic pathway of NAD+ in human body: Preiss-Handler, Denovo synthesis and Complementary synthesis. Thus, to supplement NAD+, we can supplement the four precursors of NAD+ of these three different pathways: niacin, tryptophan, niacinamide and NMN/NR. However, because there is limitaion of acceptable daily intake of niacin, tryptophan, niacinamide, and there will have serious side effects if overtaking niacin, and niacinamide. Therefor, NMN/NR is the best choice to supplement NAD+.
Supplement | Pathway | Food | Side effects |
Niacin | Preiss-Handler | It is widely found in liver, milk, eggs, vegetables, yeast, mushrooms, broccoli, whole grains and some fruits. | 1. Redness of the skin, especially in the face and neck, headache and other vasodilation reactions. 2. High-dose medication can cause diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, dry skin, itching, dry eyes, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, hyperglycemia, hyperuric acid, arrhythmia, liver toxicity. |
Tryptophan | Denovo synthesis | Pinto beans, milk, meat, fish, bananas, peanuts and all protein-rich foods. | Adults consume 100~500mg daily. |
Niacinamide | Complementary synthesis | Animal liver and kidney, lean meat, fish, eggs, white poultry meat. | This product can cause severe pain, so intramuscular injection is not suitable. Also may cause dizziness, nausea, upper abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, skin flushing, fever, and itching, which can disappear on their own. Overdose during pregnancy may cause teratogenicity, so it is contraindicated. |
NMN/NR | Complementary synthesis | Broccoli, edamame, avocado, avocado, cucumber. | No adverse reactions have been found. |
6. What advantages of NMN?
(1) NMN is the direct precursor of NAD+, it is the most efficient way to supplement NAD+;
(2) NMN is natural occuring substance, there is no side effects have been found until now.
Changes of synthesis related enzymes: Adding NMN/NR vs. control group
(3) NMN can be absorbed promptly in human body.
Concentration curve of NMN and NAD+ after oral administration of NMN
7. What’s benefits of NMN?
(1) It can provide energy for metabolism in human body;
(2) It can prevent physical deciline related with aging;
(3) It can repair injured DNA;
(4) It can improve Type 2 diabetes;
(5) It can improve cognition;
(6) It can prompt metabolisim of alcohol and enhance the tolerance of alcohol in human body;
(7) It can enhance the level of NAD+ in heart to prevent heart injured from I/R;
(8) It can promote fat breakdown and increase exercise endurance.
8. Conclusion
With the development of the society, sub-health has become a common situation. Healthy supplemnt cannot treat any disease, but it can prevent the happen of disease or lower the possibilty of its happening. NMN didn’t become a popular product groundlessly.
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