Far more than previously thought, 3.75 million people die from fungal infections worldwide every year
Estimates of the incidence of fungal diseases are currently imprecise, with the most recent study, published in 2017, putting the number of fungal disease-related deaths at an estimated 1.5 million to 2 million.
The total number of people who die from fungal diseases globally each year has risen to 3.75 million, double previous estimates, according to a new study.
The study will be published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases under the title: Global Incidence and Mortality of Severe Fungal Disease in the near future.
In the paper, David Denning, professor of infectious diseases at the University of Manchester, used data from more than 80 countries to calculate that there are approximately 6.55 million acute fungal-related cases worldwide each year, resulting in 3.75 million deaths.
Although fungal diseases have multiple causes, the updated number of fungal-related deaths still far exceeds those from other single pathogens, six times more than those caused by malaria and almost three times those caused by tuberculosis.
This work is the result of a collaboration of more than 300 professional researchers around the world, who have published estimates of fungal diseases in their respective countries and individuals.
Professor David Denning believes that previous estimates were inaccurate because many fungal diseases can aggravate existing diseases, such as leukemia or AIDS, and these diseases themselves are often serious.
According to this latest study, about 68% (2.55 million) of fungal disease-related deaths (3.75 million) may be directly caused by fungal diseases. The remaining 32% (1.2 million people) had other underlying diseases, with fungal diseases being one of the contributing factors.
The study found that about one-third of the 3.23 million deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) worldwide are related to infection with the fungus Aspergillus. Additionally, 1.2 million people died from tuberculosis in 2019, but the study estimates that as many as 340,000 of those deaths (28%) may have actually been from the fungal disease.
There were an estimated 311,594 leukemia deaths globally in 2020, of which 14,000 (4.5%) were attributable to infection by the fungus Aspergillus and some to other fungal infections. Lung and bronchial cancer kills 1.8 million people each year, and the study estimates that 49,000 (2.7%) of these deaths may be attributable to the fungus Aspergillus infection.
Candida is a serious fungal infection that occurs in intensive care, complex surgical patients, diabetes, cancer and kidney failure, and in premature infants. The study estimated that approximately 1.57 million people develop Candida bloodstream infections or invasive Candida infections each year, of which 995,000 (63.6%) die.
Professor David Denning said that this work is the first comprehensive annual incidence estimate of fungal diseases in the world, but there are still many gaps and uncertainties. Previous estimates of the annual number of fungus-related deaths were 1.5 million to 2 million, but it has now been found that the number of likely deaths from fungal infections is twice that number, about 3.75 million.
He also said that this work would not have been possible without the excellent collaboration of more than 300 professional researchers from around the world, who published assessment data for fungal diseases in their respective countries and individuals.
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